有色金属生物冶金 全英文2025|PDF|Epub|mobi|kindle电子书版本百度云盘下载

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1 Biohydrometallurgy and Bacteria1

1.1 Introduction1

1.2 Development in Hydrometallurgy2

1.3 Bacteria and Phylogeny4

1.4 Nutrition7

1.4.1 Carbon nutrition sources7

1.4.2 Nitrogen nutrition sources7

1.5 Energy Sources8

1.5.1 Iron oxidation8

1.5.2 Sulfur oxidation9

1.5.3 Electron donors and electron acceptors10

1.5.4 Mineral oxidating ability11

1.6 Mesophilic and Acidophiles in Mineral Bioleaching12

1.7 Summary15

Questions15

Note15

2 Surface Chemistry of Bacterial Leaching17

2.1 Introduction17

2.2 Adhesion and Attachment of Bacteria to Mineral Surfaces18

2.3 Theory of Bacterial Attachment to Surfaces20

2.4 Biofilm Colloid Formation on Bacterial Cells26

2.5 Summary27

Questions27

Note27

3 Electrochemistry of Mineral Dissolution and Bioleaching29

3.1 Introduction29

3.2 Electrochemical Mechanism of Oxidative and Reductive Reactions30

3.2.1 Anodic and cathodic reactions30

3.2.2 Influence of the electronic structure of the mineral on the dissolution rate31

3.3 Applications of Electrochemical Mechanism in Leaching32

3.3.1 Chemical leaching of pyrite by ferric ions32

3.3.2 Effect of bacterial action on the mixed potential of pyrite33

3.3.3 Effect of electrochemical bioleaching on the copper recovery35

3.4 Electrochemical Kinetics and Modeling35

3.4.1 Kinetics of the oxidative dissolution of sphalerite35

3.4.2 Electrochemical kinetics and model of bacterial leaching37

3.5 Summary39

Questions39

Note40

4 Biohydrometallurgy of Copper41

4.1 Introduction41

4.2 Definitions and Mineralogy Related to Copper Leaching41

4.2.1 Pyrite42

4.2.2 Secondary sulfides42

4.2.3 Primary sulfides43

4.3 Physico-Chemical Leaching Variables43

4.3.1 Surface area43

4.3.2 Acid levels44

4.3.3 Oxidants44

4.3.4 Agglomeration44

4.3.5 Curing time45

4.3.6 Permeability45

4.4 Bacterial Leaching Variables45

4.4.1 Acidity45

4.4.2 Oxygen46

4.4.3 Nutrition46

4.4.4 Heat47

4.4.5 Mineralogy47

4.4.6 Bacterial inoculation47

4.4.7 Iron48

4.5 Heap Operating Variables48

4.5.1 Irrigation distribution48

4.5.2 Solution stacking49

4.5.3 Solution collection49

4.5.4 Pad stacking/configuration50

4.6 Leach Solution Processing50

4.6.1 Copper cementation51

4.6.2 Direct electrowinning51

4.6.3 Solvent extraction51

4.6.4 Electrowinning53

4.7 Commercial Installations and Environmental Considerations54

4.7.1 In situ leaching55

4.7.2 Dump leaching56

4.7.3 Heap leaching56

4.8 Summary58

Questions58

Note58

5 Biooxidation of Gold-Bearing Ores60

5.1 Introduction60

5.2 BIOX？ Bacterial Culture61

5.3 Chemical Reactions and Process Control63

5.3.1 Chemical reactions63

5.3.2 Influence of ore mineralogy64

5.3.3 Effect of temperature and cooling requirements65

5.3.4 pH control66

5.3.5 Oxygen supply67

5.4 Operations Conditions and Process Requirements68

5.4.1 Bioreactor configuration68

5.4.2 Rate of sulfide mineral oxidation and gold dissolution69

5.4.3 General process requirements70

5.4.4 Effects of chloride and arsenic on BIOX？ process71

5.5 Summary72

Questions73

Note73

6 Biohydrometallurgical Processing of Colt,Nickel and Zinc74

6.1 Introduction74

6.2 Cobalt Bioleaching with Autotrophic and Mixotrophic Bacteria75

6.3 Nickel Bioleaching with Autotrophic and Mixotrophic Bacteria77

6.4 Zinc Bioleaching with Autotrophic and Mixotrophic Bacteria78

6.5 Metal Mobilization by Microbially Generated Acids/Ligands80

6.6 Summary84

Questions84

Note85

7 Biohydrometallurgical Recovery of Heavy Metals from Industrial Wastes86

7.1 Introduction86

7.2 Metal Recovery from Waste Sludge and Fly Ash87

7.3 Metal Recovery from Mine Waste and Nuclear Waste89

7.4 Metal Recovery from River Sediments and Metal Finishing Waste Water92

7.5 Summary94

Questions94

Note95

8 Biohydrometallurgical Recovery of Value Metals from Secondary Sources96

8.1 Introduction96

8.2 Metal Recovery from Electronic Wastes96

8.3 Metal Recovery from Battery Wastes100

8.4 Metal Recovery from Spent Petroleum Refinery Catalyst103

8.5 Summary105

Questions106

Note106

Appendix107

References122