TCP/IP网络互连技术 卷2 设计与实现 英文版·第2版2025|PDF|Epub|mobi|kindle电子书版本百度云盘下载

TCP/IP网络互连技术 卷2 设计与实现 英文版·第2版PDF格式电子书版下载

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Chapter 1 Introduction And Overview1

1．1 TCP/IP Protocols1

1．2 The Need To Understand Details1

1．3 Complexity Of Interactions Among Protocols2

1．4 The Approach In This Text2

1．5 The Importance Of Studying Code3

1．6 The Xinu Operating System3

1．8 Summary4

1．7 Organization Of The Remainder Of The Book4

Chapter 2 The Structure Of TCP/IP Software In An Operating System7

2．1 Introduction7

2．2 The Process Concept8

2．3 Process Priority9

2．4 Communicating Processes9

2．5 Interprocess Communication12

2．13 UDP Output12

2．6 Device Drivers, Input , And Output14

2．7 Network Input and Interrupts14

2．9 Passing Datagrams From IP To Transport Protocols16

2．8 Passing Packets To Higher Level Protocols16

2．10 Delivery To Application Programs18

2．11 Information Flow On Output19

2．12 From TCP Through IP To Network Output20

2．14 Summary21

Chapter 3 Network Interface Layer27

3．1 Introduction27

3．2 The Network Interface Abstraction28

3．4 Local Host Interface31

3．3 Logical State Of An Interface31

3．5 Buffer Management32

3．6 Demultiplexing Incoming Packets35

3．7 Summary36

Chapter 4 Address Discovery And Binding(ARP)39

4．1 Introduction39

4．2 Conceptual Organization Of ARP Software40

4．3 Example ARP Design40

4．4 Data Structures For The ARP Cache41

4．5 ARP Output Processing44

4．6 ARP Input Processing49

4．7 ARP Cache Management53

4．8 ARP Initialization58

4．9 ARP Configuration Parameters59

4．10 Summary59

Chapter 5 IP:Global Software Organization61

5．1 Introduction61

5．2 The Central Switch61

5．3 IP Software Design62

5．4 IP Software Organization And Datagram Flow63

5．5 Byte-Ordering In The IP Header76

5．6 Sending A Datagram To IP77

5．7Table Maintenance80

5．8 Summary82

Chapter 6 IP:Routing Table And Routing Algorithm85

6．1 Introduction85

6．2 Route Maintenance And Lookup85

6．3 Routing Table Organization86

6．4 Routing Table Data Structures87

6．5 Origin Of Routes And Persistence89

6．6 Routing A Datagram89

6．7 Periodic Route Table Maintenance96

6．8 IP Options Processing104

6．9 Summary105

Chapter 7 IP:Fragmentation And Reassembly107

7．1 Introduction107

7．2 Fragmenting Datagrams107

7．3 Implementation Of Fragmentation108

7．4 Datagram Reassembly113

7．5 Maintenance Of Fragment Lists122

7．6 Initialization124

7．7 Summary124

Processing(ICMP)127

8．1Introduction127

8．2 ICMP Message Formats127

8．3 Implementation Of ICMP Messages127

8．4 Handling Incoming ICMP Messages130

8．5 Handling An ICMP Redirect Message132

8．6 Setting A Subnet Mask133

8．7 Choosing A Source Address For An ICMP Packet135

8．8 Generating ICMP Error Messages136

8．9 Avoiding Errors About Errors139

8．10 Allocating A Buffer For ICMP140

8．11 The Data Portion Of An ICMP Message142

8．12 Generating An ICMP Redirect Message144

8．13 Summary145

9．2 Maintaining Multicast Group Membership Information147

Chapter 9 IP : Multicast Processing(IGMP)147

9．1 Introduction147

9．3 A Host Group Table148

9．4 Searching For A Host Group150

9．5 Adding A Host Group Entry To The Table151

9．6 Configuring The Network Interface For A Multicast Address152

9．7 Translation Between IP and Hardware Multicast Addresses154

9．8 Removing A Multicast Address From The Host Group Table156

9．9 Joining A Host Group157

9．10 Maintaining Contact With A Multicast Router158

9．11 Implementing IGMP Membership Reports160

9．12 Computing A Random Delay161

9．13 A Process To Send IGMP Reports163

9．14 Handling Incoming IGMP Messages164

9．15 Leaving A Host Group165

9．16 Initialization Of IGMP Data Structures167

9．17 Summary168

10．2 UDP Ports And Demultiplexing171

10．1 Introduction171

Chapter 10 UDP : User Datagrams171

10．3 UDP175

10．4 UDP Output Processing185

10．5 Summary188

Chapter 11 TCP : Data Structures And Input Processing191

11．1 Introduction191

11．2 Overview Of TCP Software192

11．3 Transmission Control Blocks192

11．4 TCP Segment Formal196

11．5 Sequence Space Comparison198

11．6 TCP Finite State Machine199

11．7 Example State Transition200

11．8 Declaration Of The Finite State Machine200

11．9 TCB Allocation And Initialization202

11．10 Implementation Of TheFinite State Machine204

11．11 Handling An Input Segment205

11．12 Summary214

12．2 CLOSED State Processing217

12．1 Introduction217

Chapter 12 TCP : Finite State Machine Implementation217

12．3 Graceful Shutdown218

12．4 Timed Delay After Closing218

12．5 TIME-WAIT State Processing219

12．6 CLOSING State Processing221

12．7 FIN-WAIT-2 State Processing222

12．8 FIN-WAIT-1 State Processing223

12．9 CLOSE-WAIT State Processing225

12．10 LAST-ACK State Processing227

12．11 ESTABLISHED State Processing228

12．12 Processing Urgent Data In A Segment229

12．13 Processing Other Data In A Segment231

12．14 Keeping Track Of Received Octets233

12．15 Aborting A TCP Connection236

12．16 Establishing A TCP Connection237

12．17 Initializing A TCB237

12．18 SYN-SENT State Processing239

12．19 SYN-RECEIVED State Processing240

12．20 LISTEN State Processing243

12．21 Initializing Window Variables For A New TCB244

12．22 Summary246

Chapter 13 TCP : Output Processing247

13．1 Introduction247

13．2 Controlling TCP Output Complexity247

13．3 The Four TCP Output States248

13．4 TCP Output As A Process248

13．5 TCP Output Messages249

13．6 Encoding Output States And TCB Numbers250

13．7 Implementation Of The TCP Output Process250

13．8 Mutual Exclusion251

13．9 Implementation Of The IDLE State252

13．10 Implementation Of The PERSIST State252

13．11 Implementation Of The TRANSUIT State253

13．12 Implementation Of The RETRANSMIT State255

13．13 Sending A Segment255

13．14 Computing The TCP Data Length259

13．15 Computing Sequence Counts260

13．16 Other TCP Procedures261

13．17 Summary267

Chapter 14 TCP : Timer Management269

14．1 Introduction269

14．2 A General Data Structure For Timed Events269

14．3 A Data Structure For TCP Events270

14．4 Timers, Events, And Messages271

14．5 The TCP Timer Process272

14．6 Deleting A TCP Timer Event274

14．7 Deleting All Events For A TCB275

14．8 Determining The Time Remaining For An Event276

14．9 Inserting A TCP Timer Event277

14．10 Starting TCP Output Without Delay279

14．11 Summary280

Chapter 15 TCP : Flow Control And Adaptive Retransmission283

15．1 Introduction283

15．2 The Difficulties With Adaptive Retransmission284

15．3 Tuning Adaptive Retransmission284

15．4 Retransmission Timer And Backoff284

15．5 Window-Based Flow Control287

15．6 Maximum Segment Size Computation291

15．7 Congestion Avoidance And Control295

15．8 Slow-Start And Congestion Avoidance296

15．9 Round Trip Estimation And Timeout299

15．10 Miscellaneous Notes And Techniques305

15．11 Summary306

Chapter 16 TCP : Urgent Data Processing And The Push Function309

16．1 Introduction309

16．2 Out-Of-Band Signaling309

16．4 Interpreting The Standard310

16．3 Urgent Data310

16．5 Configuration For Berkeley Urgent Pointer Interpretation313

16．6 Informing An Application313

16．7 Reading Data From TCP314

16．8 Sending Urgent Data316

16．9 TCP Push Function317

16．10 Interpreting Push With Out-Of-Order Delivery318

16．11 Implementation Of Push On Input319

16．12 Summary320

Chapter 17 Socket-Level Interface323

17．1 Introduction323

17．2 Interfacing Through A Device323

17．3 TCP Connections As Devices325

17．4 An Example TCP Client Program326

17．5 An Example TCP Server Program327

17．6 Implementation Of The TCP Master Device329

17．7 Implementation Of A TCP Slave Device337

17．8 Initialization Of A Slave Device351

17．9 Summary352

Chapter 18 RIP : Active Route Propagation And Passive Acquisition355

18．1 Introduction355

18．2 Active And Passive Mode Participants356

18．3 Basic RIP Algorithm And Cost Metric356

18．4 Instabilities And Solutions357

18．5 Message Types361

18．6 Protocol Characterization361

18．7 Implementation Of RIP362

18．8 The Principle RIP Process365

18．9 Responding To An Incoming Request370

18．10 Generating Update Messages372

18．11Initializing Copies Of An Update Message373

18．12 Generating Periodic RIP Output378

18．13 Limitations Of RIP379

18．14 Summary379

Chapter 19 OSPF : Route Propagation With An SPF Algorithm381

19．1 Introduction381

19．2 OSPF Configuration And Options382

19．3 OSPF s Graph-Theoretic Model382

19．4 OSPF Declarations386

19．5 Adjacency And Link State Propagation391

19．6 Discovering Neighboring Gateways With Hello392

19．7 Sending Hello Packets394

19．8 Designated Router Concept399

19．9 Electing A Designated Router400

19．10 Reforming Adjacencies After A Change404

19．11 Handling Arriving Hello Packets406

19．12 Adding A Gateway To The Neighbor List408

19．13 Neighbor State Transitions410

19．14 OSPF Timer Events And Retransmissions412

19．15 Determining Whether Adjacency Is Permitted414

19．16 Handling OSPF input415

19．17 Declarations And Procedures For Link State Processing418

19．18 Generating Database Description Packets421

19．19 Creating A Template422

19．20 Transmitting A Database Description Packet424

19．21 Handling An Arriving Database Description Packet426

19．22 Handling Link State Request Packets432

19．23 Building A Link State Summary434

19．24OSPF Utility Procedures435

19．25 Summary439

Chapter 20 SNMP : MIB Variables, Representations,And Bindings441

20．1 Introduction441

20．2 Server Organization And Name Mapping442

20．3 MIB Variables443

20．4 MIB Variable Names444

20．6 Prefix Removal445

20．5Lexicographic Ordering Among Names445

20．7 Operations Applied To MIB Variables446

20．8 Names For Tables446

20．9 Conceptual Threading Of The Name Hierarchy447

20．10 Data Structure For MIB Variables448

20．11 A Data Structure For Fast Lookup450

20．12 Implementation Of The Hash Table452

20．13 Specification Of MIB Bindings452

20．14 Internal Variables Used In Bindings457

20．15 Hash Table lookup458

20．16 SNMP Structures And Constants461

20．17 ASN．I Representation Manipulation464

20．18 Summary474

Chapter 21 SNMP : Client And Server477

21．1 Introduction477

21．2 Data Representation In The Server477

21．3 Server Implementation478

21．4 Parsing An SNMP Message480

21．5 Converting ASN．1 Names In The Binding List484

21．6 Resolving A Query485

21．8 Indirect Application Of Operations487

21．7 Interpreting The Get-Next Operation487

21．9 Indirection For Tables490

21．10 Generating A Reply Message Backward491

21．11 Converting From Internal Form to ASN．I494

21．12 Utility Functions Used By The Server495

21．13 Implementation Of An SNMP Client496

21．14 Initialization Of Variables498

21．15 Summary500

22．1 Introduction503

Chapter 22 SNMP : Table Access Functions503

22．3 Object Identifiers For Tables504

22．4 Address Entry Table Functions504

22．2 Table Access504

22．5 Address Translation Table Functions511

22．6 Network Interface Table Functions521

22．7 Routing Table Functions529

22．8 TCP Connection Table Functions538

22．9Summary545

23．2 Statistical Analysis Of The Code547

Chapter 23 Implementation In Retrospect547

23．1 Introduction547

23．3 Lines Of Code For Each Protocol548

23．4 Functions And Procedures For Each Protocol550

23．5 Summary551

Appendix 1 Cross Reference Of Procedure Calls553

Appendix 2 Xinu Functions And Constants Used In The Code573

Bibliography589

Index597