材料化学 英文2025|PDF|Epub|mobi|kindle电子书版本百度云盘下载

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Chapter 1．WHAT IS MATERIALS CHEMISTRY？1

1.1 HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES2

1.2 CONSIDERATIONS IN THE DESIGN OF NEW MATERIALS5

1.3 DESIGN OF NEW MATERIALS THROUGH A"CRITICAL THINKING"APPROACH6

Chapter 2．SOLID-STATE CHEMISTRY13

2.1 AMORPHOUS VS.CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS13

2.2 TYPES OF BONDING IN SOLIDS14

2.2.1 Ionic Solids15

2.2.2 Metallic Solids16

2.2.3 Covalent Network Solids18

2.2.4 Molecular Solids18

2.3 THE CRYSTALLINE STATE22

2.3.1 Crystal Growth Techniques26

2.3.2 Crystal Structures29

2.3.3 Crystal Symmetry and Space Groups56

2.3.4 X-Ray Diffraction from Crystalline Solids65

2.3.5 Crystal Imperfections74

2.3.6 Physical Properties of Crystals88

2.3.7 Bonding in Crystalline Solids：Introduction to Band Theory103

2.4 THE AMORPHOUS STATE113

2.4.1 Sol-Gel Processing114

2.4.2 Glasses125

2.4.3 Cementitious Materials136

2.4.4 Ceramics139

Chapter 3．METALS157

3.1 MINING AND PROCESSING OF METALS157

3.1.1 Powder Metallurgy171

3.2 METALLIC STRUCTURES AND PROPERTIES177

3.2.1 Phase Behavior of Iron-Carbon Alloys178

3.2.2 Hardening Mechanisms of Steels185

3.2.3 Stainless Steels200

3.2.4 Nonferrous Metals and Alloys204

3.3 METAL SURFACE TREATMENTS FOR CORROSION RESISTANCE217

3.4 MAGNETISM220

3.5 REVERSIBLE HYDROGEN STORAGE226

Chapter 4．SEMICONDUCTORS239

4.1 PROPERTIES AND TYPES OF SEMICONDUCTORS239

4.2 SILICON-BASED APPLICATIONS251

4.2.1 Silicon Wafer Production251

4.2.2 Integrated Circuits255

4.3 LIGHT-EMITTING DIODES：THERE IS LIFE OUTSIDE OF SILICON!321

4.4 THERMOELECTRIC（TE）MATERIALS330

Chapter 5．POLYMERIC MATERIALS349

5.1 POLYMER CLASSIFICATIONS AND NOMENCLATURE351

5.2 POLYMERIZATION MECHANISMS356

5.2.1 Addition Polymerization359

5.2.2 Heterogeneous Catalysis364

5.2.3 Homogeneous Catalysis366

5.2.4 Step-Growth Polymerization372

5.2.5 Dendritic Polymers376

5.2.6 Polymerization via"Click"Chemistry386

5.3 “SOFT MATERIALS”APPLICATIONS：STRUCTURE VS.PROPERTIES388

5.3.1 Biomaterials Applications393

5.3.2 Conductive Polymers417

5.3.3 Molecular Magnets426

5.4 POLYMER ADDITIVES437

5.4.1 Flame Retardants440

Chapter 6．NANOMATERIALS457

6.1 NANOTOXICITY458

6.2 WHAT IS“NANOTECHNOLOGY”？468

6.3 NANOSCALE BUILDING BLOCKS AND APPLICATIONS470

6.3.1 Zero-Dimensional Nanomaterials473

6.3.2 One-Dimensional Nanostructures529

6.3.3 Two-Dimensional Nanostructures：The"Graphene Frontier"559

Chapter 7．ATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION585

7.1 OPTICAL MICROSCOPY586

7.2 ELECTRON MICROSCOPY588

7.2.1 Electron Sources593

7.2.2 Transmission Electron Microscopy（TEM）597

7.2.3 Scanning Electron Microscopy（SEM）617

7.3 SURFACE CHARACTERIZATION TECHNIQUES BASED ON PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT629

7.3.1 Photoelectron Spectroscopy（PES）629

7.3.2 X-ray Absorption Fine Structure（XAFS）631

7.3.3 Ion-Bombardment Techniques634

7.3.4 Atom-Probe Tomography（APT）643

7.4 SCANNING PROBE MICROSCOPY（SPM）645

7.5 BULK CHARACTERIZATION TECHNIQUES651

APPENDIX A669

APPENDIX B681

APPENDIX C693

C.1 CHEMICAL VAPOR DEPOSITION OF CARBON NANOTUBES693

C.1.1 Background Information693

C.1.2 Procedure695

C.2 SUPERCRITICAL FLUID FACILITATED GROWTH OF COPPER AND ALUMINUM OXIDE NANOPARTICLES697

C.2.1 Procedure698

C.3 SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF LIQUID CRYSTALS700

C.3.1 Procedure703

C.4 TEMPLATE SYNTHESIS AND MAGNETIC MANIPULATION OF NICKEL NANOWIRES705

C.4.1 Procedure705

C.5 INTRODUCTION TO PHOTOLITHOGRAPHY709

C.5.1 Procedure709

C.6 SYNTHESIS OF GOLD NANOCLUSTERS712

C.6.1 Procedure712

C.7 SYNTHESIS OF POROUS SILICON713

C.7.1 Procedure714

C.8 SOLID-LIQUID-SOLID（SLS）GROWTH OF SILICON NANOWIRES714

C.8.1 Procedure716

C.9 SYNTHESIS OF FERROFLUIDS717

C.10 METALLURGY/PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS717

C.11 HEAT TREATMENT OF GLASS CERAMICS717

Index719