本体与词汇库：自然语言处理角度的解析=Ontology and the lexicon：a natural lan-guage processing perspective2025|PDF|Epub|mobi|kindle电子书版本百度云盘下载

本体与词汇库：自然语言处理角度的解析=Ontology and the lexicon：a natural lan-guage processing perspectivePDF格式电子书版下载

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Part Ⅰ Fundamental aspects1

1 Ontology and the lexicon:a multidisciplinary perspective3

1.1 Situating ontologies and lexical resources3

1.2 The content ofontologies10

1.3 Theoretical framework for the ontologieslexicons interface14

1.4 From ontologies to the lexicon and back21

1.5 Outline ofchapters23

2 Formal ontology as interlingua:the SUMO and WordNet linking project and global WordNet25

2.1 WordNet25

2.2 Principles of construction of formal ontologies and lexicons29

2.3 Mappings30

2.4 Interpreting language32

2.5 Global WordNet33

2.6 SUMO translation templates35

3 Interfacing WordNet with DOLCE:towards OntoWordNet36

3.1 Introduction36

3.2 WordNet's preliminary analysis37

3.3 The DOLCE upper ontology39

3.4 Mapping WordNet into DOLCE48

3.5 Conclusion52

4 Reasoning over natural language text by means of FrameNet and ontologies53

4.1 Introduction53

4.2 An introduction to the FrameNet lexicon54

4.3 Linking FrameNet to ontologies for reasoning56

4.4 Formalizing FrameNet in OWL DL57

4.5 Reasoning over FrameNet-annotated text62

4.6 Linking FrameNet to SUMO66

4.7 Discussion69

4.8 Conclusion and outlook70

5 Synergizing ontologies and the lexicon:a roadmap72

5.1 Formal mappings between ontologies72

5.2 Evaluation ofontolex resources73

5.3 Bridging different lexical models and resources75

5.4 Technological framework77

Part Ⅱ Discovery and representation of conceptual systems79

6 Experiments of ontology construction with Formal Concept Analysis81

6.1 Introduction81

6.2 Basic concepts and related work82

6.3 Dataset selection and design of experiments86

6.4 Evaluation and discussion92

6.5 Conclusion and future work96

7 Ontology,lexicon,and fact repository as leveraged to interpret events of change98

7.1 Introduction98

7.2 A snapshot of OntoSem100

7.3 Motivation for pursuing deep analysis of events of change101

7.4 Increase102

7.5 Content divorced from its rendering114

7.6 NLP with reasoning and for reasoning117

7.7 Conclusion118

8 Hantology:conceptual system discovery based on orthographic convention122

8.1 Introduction:hanzi and conventionalized conceptualization122

8.2 General framework126

8.3 Conceptualization and classification of the radicals system128

8.4 The ontology ofa radical as a semantic symbol132

8.5 The architecture of Hantology133

8.6 OWL encoding of Hantology137

8.7 Summary139

8.8 Conclusion142

9 What's in a schema?144

9.1 Introduction144

9.2 An ontology for cognitive linguistics146

9.3 The c.DnS ontology148

9.4 Schemata,mental spaces,and constructions161

9.5 An embodied semiotic metamodel166

9.6 Applying Semion to FrameNet and related resources169

9.7 Conclusion181

Part Ⅲ Interfacing ontologies and lexical resources183

10 Interfacing ontologies and lexical resources185

10.1 Introduction185

10.2 Classifying experiments in ontologies and lexical resources185

10.3 Ontologies and their construction188

10.4 How actual resources fit the classification190

10.5 Two practical examples194

10.6 Available tools for the ontology lexical resource interface196

10.7 Conclusion200

11 Sinica BOW(Bilingual Ontological WordNet):integration ofbilingual WordNet and SUMO201

11.1 Background and motivation201

11.2 Resources and structure required in the BOW approach202

11.3 Interfacing multiple resources:a lexicon-driven approach204

11.4 Integration of multiple knowledge sources207

11.5 Updating and future improvements209

11.6 Conclusion210

12 Ontology-based semantic lexicons:mapping between terms and object descriptions212

12.1 Introduction212

12.2 Why we need semantic lexicons213

12.3 More semantics than we need215

12.4 The semantics we need is in ontologies218

12.5 Conclusion223

13 Merging global and specialized linguistic ontologies224

13.1 Introduction224

13.2 Linguistic ontologies versus formal ontologies226

13.3 Specialized linguistic ontologies229

13.4 The plug-in approach230

13.5 Experiments236

13.6 Applications and extensions237

13.7 Conclusion238

Part Ⅳ Learning and using ontological knowledge239

14 The life cycle ofknowledge241

14.1 Introduction241

14.2 Using ontolexical knowledge in NLP242

14.3 Creating ontolexical knowledge with NLP249

14.4 Conclusion256

15 The Omega ontology258

15.1 Introduction258

15.2 Constituents ofOmega258

15.3 Structure ofOmega260

15.4 Construction ofOmega via merging263

15.5 Omega's auxiliary knowledge sources264

15.6 Applications266

15.7 Omega 5 and the OntoNotes project267

15.8 Discussion and future work268

15.9 Conclusion269

16 Automatic acquisition of lexico-semantic knowledge for question answering271

16.1 Introduction271

16.2 Lexico-semantic knowledge for QA272

16.3 Related work274

16.4 Extracting semantically similar words275

16.5 Using automatically acquired role and function words279

16.6 Using automatically acquired categorized NEs280

16.7 Evaluation283

16.8 Conclusion and future work286

17 Agricultural ontology construction and maintenance in Thai288

17.1 Introduction288

17.2 A framework of ontology construction and maintenance290

17.3 Ontology acquisition from texts291

17.4 Ontology acquisitions from a dictionary and a thesaurus301

17.5 Integration into an ontological tree306

17.6 Conclusion307

References309

Index335