转换生成语法教程2025|PDF|Epub|mobi|kindle电子书版本百度云盘下载

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1 Goals1

1.1 Overview1

1.2 Grammatical competence1

1.3 Basic concepts and fundamental misconceptions7

1.4 Competence as infinite rule-governed creativity17

1.5 Discovering the rules23

1.6 Levels of adequacy27

1.7 Constraining grammars30

1.8 Constraints,universals,and acquisition34

1.9 Markedness and Core Grammar39

1.10 Summary45

Exercises46

2 Structure50

2.1 Overview50

2.2 Intuitions about Structure50

2.3 Word-1evel categories56

2.4 Phrasal categories:nonsyntactic evidence64

2.5 Phrasal categories:distributional evidence69

2.6 Phrasal categories:other syntactic evidence75

2.7 Words used as Phrases84

2.8 Testing the Structure89

2.9 Summary105

Exercises105

3 Phrase-markers109

3.1 Overview109

3.2 The nature of Phrase-markers109

3.3 C-command114

3.4 Constraining Phrase-markers120

3.5 Generating Phrase-markers122

3.6 Another look at categories132

3.7 Conflating categories137

3.8 The nature of categories145

3.9 Summary156

Exercises157

4 Noun Phrases167

4.1 Overview167

4.2 Small nominal phrases167

4.3 Evidence for N-bar174

4.4 Complements and Adjuncts175

4.5 Optional constituents of the Noun Phrase179

4.6 More differences between Complements and Adjuncts187

4.7 Nominal premodifiers196

4.8 Adjectival premodifiers208

4.9 Summary216

Exercises217

5 Other Phrases226

5.1 Overview226

5.2 Verb Phrases230

5.3 Adjectival Phrases241

5.4 Prepositional Phrases246

5.5 Cross-categorial structural symmetry253

5.6 Constraining Categorial Rules258

5.7 Generalising Categorial Rules264

5.8 Eliminating Categorial Rules271

5.9 Summary279

Exercises280

6 Clauses287

6.1 Overview287

6.2 Finite and nonfinite Clauses287

6.3 Constituent structure of Clauses292

6.4 Structure of Main Clauses295

6.5 Internal structure of S303

6.6 Clauses with empty Subjects313

6.7 Exceptional Clauses317

6.8 Small Clauses324

6.9 Summary331

Exercises332

7 The Lexicon337

7.1 Overview337

7.2 Categorial information337

7.3 Subcategorisation339

7.4 Prepositional Complements344

7.5 Complement order349

7.6 Clausal Complements353

7.7 Subcategorising Adjectives,Nouns,and Prepositions361

7.8 Eliminating redundancy366

7.9 Selection Restrictions369

7.10 Thematic relations372

7.11 Correlating Thematic and Syntactic Structure378

7.12 Theta-marking of Subjects384

7.13 Selection Restrictions and Thematic Structure388

7.14 Constraints on Theta-marking390

7.15 Summary392

Exercises395

8 Transformations401

8.1 Overview401

8.2 V MOVEMENT401

8.3 I MOVEMENT411

8.4 NP MOVEMENT in passive structures420

8.5 NP MOVEMENT in Raising structures435

8.6 NP MOVEMENT in ergative and middle structures446

8.7 EXTRAPOSITION448

8.8 Summary456

Exercises457

9 WH MOVEMENT462

9.1 Overview462

9.2 Question types462

9.3 Syntactic arguments466

9.4 Morphological arguments471

9.5 Phonological arguments474

9.6 Semantic arguments476

9.7 WH MOVEMENT in Relative Clauses480

9.8 Other wh-constructions492

9.9 Targets for WH MOVEMENT494

9.10 The landing-site for moved wh-phrases499

9.11 Re-examining the status of S508

9.12 Re-examining the status of Small Clauses515

9.13 Summary520

Exercises521

10 ALPHA MOVEMENT527

10.1 Overview527

10.2 Other movement rules527

10.3 ALPHA MOVEMENT534

10.4 Structure-preserving Principle538

10.5 Explaining the Structure-preserving Principle545

10.6 Traces553

10.7 C-command condition on Traces562

10.8 Bounding566

10.9 Rule interaction576

10.10 Summary582

Exercises585

Bibliographical background594

Bibliography606

Index622

文库索引626