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Chapter 1 Overview of International Settlement1

1．Definition and Implications of International Trade Payment1

1.1 Key Issues in International Payment2

1.2 The Purpose of Learning This Course7

2．Prospect of International Trade Payment8

2.1 Usage of Documentary Credits8

2.2 Usage of Electronic Data Interchange9

Exercises11

Chapter 2 International Trade Terms14

1．An Overview of Trade Terms14

1.1 Meaning and Significance of Trade Terms15

1.2 International Conventions of Trade Terms16

1.3 Incoterms17

2．Incoterms 201018

2.1 Differences Between Incoterms 2000 and Incoterms 201018

2.2 Specific Introduction to Incoterms 201020

3．Main Factors Concerning Selection of Trade Terms28

3.1 Transport Conditions28

3.2 Supply Market28

3.3 Freight28

3.4 Risks During Transit28

3.5 Difficulty in Carrying out Customs Formalities29

Exercises30

Chapter 3 Remittance32

1．Overview of Remittance32

1.1 Parties to a Remittance33

1.2 Type of Remittance33

2．Reimbursement of the Remittance Cover37

2.1 Bank Instruction37

2.2 Relationship Between Correspondent Banks37

3．International Transferring and Clearing System38

3.1 Clearing Principles38

3.2 World Leading Payment and Clearing Systems39

4．Laws,Rules and Uniform Customs42

4.1 Relating to International Trade Payment42

4.2 The International Customs43

Exercises46

Chapter 4 Instrument49

1．Overview of Instruments49

1.1 Negotiation50

1.2 Semi-negotiation51

1.3 Assignment51

2．Currency and Bill of Exchange52

2.1 Parties to a Bill of Exchange53

2.2 Key Elements of a Bill of Exchange53

2.3 Classification of Bill of Exchange53

3．Legal Acts on Instruments55

3.1 Issue55

3.2 Endorsement55

3.3 Presentation56

3.4 Acceptance56

3.5 Payment57

3.6 Dishonor57

3.7 Notice of Dishonor57

3.8 Protest58

3.9 Recourse58

4．Promissory Notes58

4.1 Essentials to a Promissory Note59

4.2 Classification of Promissory Notes59

5．Checks60

5.1 The Main Parties Involved in a Check60

5.2 Essential Elements of a Check61

5.3 Classification of Checks61

5.4 Legal Acts on a Check63

Exercises66

Chapter 5 Collections68

1．Overview of Collections68

1.1 The Main Parties Involved in Collection68

1.2 Basic Documentary Collection Procedure69

2．Classification of Collections71

2.1 Clean Collection71

2.2 Documentary Collections71

3．Documents Under Collection75

3.1 Transaction Documents75

3.2 The Collection Order76

4．Uniform Rules for Collection78

4.1 Summary of the Provisions of URC78

4.2 Legal and Practical Position Regarding the Duties of Remitting Bank80

4.3 The Theory Involved in Collection81

4.4 Timing of Payment：the Practice81

4.5 Acceptance Pour Aval81

4.6 Risks to Exporter Selling Documents82

Exercises84

Chapter 6 Documentary Credits87

1．Overview of Documentary Credits87

1.1 The Feature Common to All Kinds of LC88

1.2 Role of Banks Under Documentary Credits88

1.3 Limitations of Documentary Credits89

1.4 The Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits89

2．The Operation of Documentary Credit90

2.1 Main Parties to Documentary Credit90

2.2 Procedure of Documentary Credit91

2.3 LC Issuance92

2.4 LC Amendment92

2.5 LC Utilization93

2.6 Settlement（Making Payment）94

3．Types and Uses of Documentary Credits97

3.1 Types of Documentary Credits98

3.2 Uses of Documentary Credit98

Exercises113

Chapter 7 Other Payment Methods116

1．Payment in Advance116

2．Open Account117

3．Factoring118

3.1 Essence of Factoring118

3.2 Versatile Services119

3.3 Types of Factoring119

3.4 A Normal Transaction of a Maturity Factoring120

3.5 Development of Factoring121

4．Forfaiting121

4.1 Basic Concepts of Forfaiting122

4.2 Procedure of a Typical Forfaiting Transaction123

4.3 Development of Forfaiting124

4.4 Difference Between Factoring and Forfaiting125

Exercises128

Chapter 8 Documents130

1．Business Documents131

1.1 Commercial Invoice131

1.2 Other Invoices133

2．Packing List135

2.1 Key Elements of Packing List136

2.2 Cautions and Notes137

2.3 Non-official Certificate of Inspection137

3．Transport Documents137

3.1 Marine Bill of Lading（BL）138

3.2 Multi-modal（Combined）Transport Document141

3.3 Sea Waybill143

3.4 Air Waybill（Air Consignment Note）143

3.5 Road Waybill,Rail Waybill and Railway Cargo Receipt145

4．Insurance Documents146

4.1 Insurance Policy146

4.2 Insurance Certificate147

4.3 Cover Note147

4.4 Open Cover148

5．Official Documents149

5.1 Certificate of Origin150

5.2 Inspection Certificate153

5.3 Export License155

6．Document Checklists158

6.1 Seller/Exporter/Beneficiary158

6.2 Issuing Bank158

6.3 Advising/Negotiating Bank158

6.4 Buyer/Importer/Applicant158

7．Documents Examination159

7.1 Principles by Examining Documents159

7.2 Procedure of Examining Documents159

8．Disposal of Discrepancies161

8.1 Essential Discrepancies162

8.2 Disposal of Discrepant Documents by Banks162

Exercises166

Chapter 9 Trade Forms169

1．Distribution and Agency169

1.1 Distribution of Commodities169

1.2 Agency170

2．Tender and Auction171

2.1 Tender171

2.2 Auction172

3．Counter-trade173

3.1 Barter173

3.2 Switch Trading173

3.3 Counter Purchase173

3.4 Buyback174

3.5 Offset174

3.6 Compensation Trade174

3.7 Futures175

4．Outsourcing176

4.1 Overview of Outsourcing176

4.2 Reasons for Outsourcing176

Exercises182

Chapter 10 E-commerce184

1．Development of E-commerce184

1.1 Definition of E-commerce185

1.2 Governmental Regulation185

1.3 E-commerce Procedures186

2．Application of E-commerce in International Trade189

2.1 Document Automation in Supply Chain and Logistics189

2.2 Electronic Payment190

2.3 Group Buying190

2.4 Internet Buying and Transactions191

2.5 Online Shopping192

2.6 Teleconference192

Exercises194

Key to the Exercises196

Appendix Ⅰ Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits（ICC Publication No.600）198

Appendix Ⅱ Uniform Rules for Collections（ICC Publication No.522）225

References236