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1 Basic Concepts in Strength of Materials1

1-1 Objective of this Book—to Ensure Safety3

1-2 Objectives of this Chapter5

1-3 Problem-Solving Procedure6

1-4 Basic Unit Systems7

1-5 Relationship Among Mass,Force,and Weight8

1-6 The Concept of Stress10

1-7 Direct Normal Stress11

1-8 Stress Elements for Direct Normal Stresses13

1-9 Direct Shear Stress15

1-10 Stress Elements for Shear Stresses19

1-11 Bearing Stress20

1-12 The Concept of Strain24

1-13 Poisson's Ratio24

1-14 Shearing Strain26

1-15 Modulus of Elasticity26

1-16 Modulus of Elasticity in Shear27

1-17 Preferred Sizes and Standard Shapes27

1-18 Experimental and Computational Stress Analysis33

Problems38

2 Design Properties of Materials44

2-1 Objectives of this Chapter45

2-2 Metals in Mechanical and Structural Design45

2-3 Steel53

2-4 Cast Iron56

2-5 Aluminum56

2-6 Copper,Brass,and Bronze57

2-7 Zinc,Magnesium,and Titanium58

2-8 Nonmetals in Engineering Design58

2-9 Wood59

2-10 Concrete59

2-11 Plastics60

2-12 Composites60

Problems61

3 Design of Members under Direct Stresses62

3-1 Objectives of this Chapter63

3-2 Design of Members under Direct Tension or Compression63

3-3 Design Normal Stresses64

3-4 Design Factor65

3-5 Design Approaches and Guidelines for Design Factors67

3-6 Methods of Computing Design Stress70

3-7 Design Shear Stress72

3-8 Design Bearing Stress76

3-9 Stress Concentration Factors78

Problems80

4 Axial Deformation and Thermal Stress85

4-1 Objectives of this Chapter86

4-2 Elastic Deformation in Tension and Compression Members86

4-3 Deformation Due to Temperature Changes92

4-4 Thermal Stress95

4-5 Members Made of More Than One Material96

Problems98

5 Torsional Shear Stress and Torsional Deformation101

5-1 Objectives of this Chapter103

5-2 Torque,Power,and Rotational Speed104

5-3 Torsional Shear Stress in Members with Circular Cross Sections106

5-4 Development of the Torsional Shear Stress Formula108

5-5 Polar Moment of Inertia for Solid Circular Bars109

5-6 Torsional Shear Stress and Polar Moment of Inertia for Hollow Circular Bars110

5-7 Design of Circular Members under Torsion112

5-8 Comparison of Solid and Hollow Circular Members115

5-9 Twisting—Elastic Torsional Deformation118

Problems126

Computer Assignments128

6 Shearing Forces and Bending Moments in Beams129

6-1 Objectives of this Chapter130

6-2 Beam Loading,Supports,and Types of Beams131

6-3 Reactions at Supports139

6-4 Shearing Forces and Bending Moments for Concentrated Loads141

6-5 Guidelines for Drawing Beam Diagrams for Concentrated Loads147

6-6 Shearing Forces and Bending Moments for Distributed Loads150

6-7 General Shapes Found in Bending Moment Diagrams156

6-8 Shearing Forces and Bending Moments for Cantilever Beams157

Problems159

7 Centroids and Moments of Inertia of Areas161

7-1 Objectives of this Chapter161

7-2 The Concept of Centroid—Simple Shapes162

7-3 Centroid of Complex Shapes163

7-4 The Concept of Moment of Inertia165

7-5 Moment of Inertia of Composite Shapes whose Parts have the Same Centroidal Axis168

7-6 Moment of Inertia for Composite Shapes—General Case—Use of the Parallel Axis Theorem169

7-7 Mathematical Definition of Moment of Inertia172

7-8 Moment of Inertia for Shapes with all Rectangular Parts173

7-9 Radius of Gvration174

Problems178

Computer Assignments179

8 Stress Due to Bending180

8-1 Objectives of this Chapter182

8-2 The Flexure Formula183

8-3 Conditions on the Use of the Flexure Formula186

8-4 Stress Distribution on a Cross Section of a Beam188

8-5 Derivation of the F1exure Formula190

8-6 Applications—Beam Analysis191

8-7 Applications—Beam Design and Design Stresses194

8-8 Section Modulus and Design Procedures196

Problems200

Computer Assignments205

9 Shearing Stresses in Beams206

9-1 Objectives of this Chapter207

9-2 Importance of Shearing Stresses in Beams209

9-3 The General Shear Formula210

9-4 Distribution of Shearing Stress in Beams216

9 5 Development of the General Shear Formula221

9-6 Special Shear Formulas224

9-7 Design Shear Stress228

Problems229

10 Special Cases of Combined Stresses232

10-1 Objectives of this Chapter235

10-2 The Stress Element235

10-3 Stress Distribution Created by Basic Stresses237

10-4 Combined Normal Stresses242

10-5 Combined Normal and Shear Stresses248

Problems253

11 The General Case of Combined Stress and Mohr's Circle257

11-1 Objectives of this Chapter258

11-2 Creating the Initial Stress Element258

11-3 Equations for Stresses in Any Direction261

11-4 Principal Stresses265

11-5 Maximum Shear Stress267

11-6 Mohr's Circle for Stress268

11-7 Special Case in which Both Principal Stresses have the Same Sign275

11-8 The Maximum Shear Stress Theory of Failure280

Problems281

Computer Assignments282

12 Deflection of Beams283

12-1 Objectives of this Chapter285

12-2 The Need for Considering Beam Deflections286

12-3 Definition of Terms286

12-4 Beam Deflections Using the Formula Method289

12-5 Superposition Using Deflection Formulas294

12-6 Basic Principles for Bearn Deflection by Successive Integration Method295

12-7 Beam Deflections—Successive Integration Method—General Approach298

Problems307

Computer Assignments308

13 Statically Indeterminate Beams309

13-1 Objectives of this Chapter312

13-2 Formulas for Statically Indeterminate Beams312

13-3 Superposition Method320

Problems325

Computer Assignment328

14 Columns329

14-1 Objectives of This Chapter332

14-2 Slenderness Ratio333

14-3 Transition Slenderness Ratio336

14-4 The Euler Formula for Long Columns338

14-5 The J.B.Johnson Formula for Short Columns338

14-6 Summary—Buckling Formulas339

14-7 Design Factors for Columns and Allowable Load341

14-8 Summary—Method of Analyzing Columns342

14-9 Efficient Shapes for Column Cross Sections346

Problems347

Computer Assignments351

Appendix352

Answers to Selected Problems386

教学支持说明391