Linux操作系统内核实习 英文版2025|PDF|Epub|mobi|kindle电子书版本百度云盘下载

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PART 1:OVERVIEW OF LINUX1

1.The Evolution of Linux1

2.General Kernel Responsibilities4

2.1 Resource Abstraction5

2.2 Sharing Resources6

2.2.1 Managing Competition for Resources6

2.2.2 Exclusive Use of a Resource7

2.2.3 Managed Sharing9

2.3 A Partition of OS Functions9

3.Kernel Organization10

3.1 Interrupts12

3.2 Using Kernel Services14

3.3 Serial Execution17

3.4 Daemons18

3.5 The Booting Procedure19

3.5.1 The Boot Sector19

3.5.2 Starting the Kernel21

3.6 Logging In to the Machine21

3.7 Control Flow in the Machine22

4.Process and Resource Management24

4.1 Running the Process Manager25

4.1.1 System Call26

4.1.2 Interrupts26

4.2 Creating a New Task27

4.3 The Scheduler29

4.4 IPC and Synchronization29

4.5 Protection Mechanism30

5.Memory Management31

5.1 Managing the Virtual Address Space32

5.2 The Secondary Memory33

5.3 Handling Missing Pages33

5.4 Address Translation34

6.Device Management36

6.1 The Device Driver38

6.2 Handling Interrupts39

7.File Management40

7.1 Mounting the File System42

7.2 Opening a File44

7.3 Reading and Writing the File46

7.4 The Ext2 File System47

8.Learning More about Linux49

PART 2:EXERCISES51

1.Observing Linux Behavior55

Introduction55

Problem Statement58

Part A58

Part D59

Part B59

Part C59

Attacking the Problem60

The/proc File System60

Using argc and argv61

Organizing a Solution63

Saving Your Work in a Shared Laboratory65

2.Shell Program67

Introduction67

Basic UNIX-Style Shell Operation69

Putting a Process in the Background72

I/O Redirection73

Shell Pipes74

Reading Multiple Input Streams77

Problem Statement77

Part A77

Part B78

Part C78

Attacking the Problem79

Organizing a Solution79

Part A79

Parts B and C82

Introduction83

3.Kernel Timers83

How the Kernel Maintains the Time84

Per Process Timers85

Problem Statement88

Part A88

Part B88

Part C89

Attacking the Problem89

Organization of the Linux Source Code89

Signals90

Organizing a Solution93

Introduction97

4.Kernel Modules97

Module Organization98

Module Installation and Removal102

Problem Statement103

Attacking the Problem104

The read() Procedure104

The End-of-File Condition104

Compiling a Module105

Installing and Removing a Module105

The Clock Resolution Question105

More Help105

Introduction107

5.System Calls107

The System Call Linkage108

Defining the System Call Number109

Generating a System Call Stub111

Kernel Function Organization111

Referencing User-Space Memory Locations113

Problem Statement114

Port A114

Part B114

Attacking the Problem114

The Kernel printk() Function114

Organizing a Solution115

Rebuilding the Kernel116

Leaving a Clean Environment118

6.Shared Memory119

Introduction119

The Shared Memory API120

The Implementation124

Problem Statement130

Attacking the Problem131

7.Virtual Memory133

Introduction133

The Virtual Address Space135

Virtual Memory Areas137

Address Translation139

The Page FaultHandler140

Primary Memory Allocation143

Problem Statement143

Part A:Instrument the Virtual Memory Manager143

Part B:Reporting the Performance144

Attackingthe Problem144

Introduction145

Blocking a Task145

8.Synchronization Mechanisms145

Wait Queues147

Using Wait Queues148

Problem Statement152

Part A152

Part B152

Attacking the Problem152

9.The Scheduler155

Introduction155

Process Management155

Process States159

Scheduler Implementation160

Problem Statement164

Fair-Share Scheduling164

Part A165

Part B165

Attacking the Problem165

Planning a Solution165

Comparing Scheduler Performance165

10.Device Drivers167

Introduction167

Driver Organization169

Loadable Kernel Module Drivers172

Example:A Disk Driver173

Part B176

Problem Statement176

Part A176

Attacking the Problem177

11.File Systems179

Introduction179

The Virtual File System182

Directories186

Example:An MS-DOS File System188

Problem Statement190

Part A190

Part B190

The MS-DOS Disk Format191

Part C191

Attacking the Problem191

The MS-DOS FAT193

Using the Floppy Disk API198

Planning a Solution200

12.File I/O205

Introduction205

The Open and Close Operations206

Read and Write Operations208

Block Allocation210

Buffer Management210

Problem Statement212

Part A213

Part B213

Part C214

Part D214

Attacking the Problem214

The open() Function214

Caching the FAT215

A Solution Plan216

Further Study219

References221

Index223