商务与经济数学 英文2025|PDF|Epub|mobi|kindle电子书版本百度云盘下载

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INTRODUCTION： Getting Started1

NOTES FOR STUDENTS： HOW TO USE THIS BOOK1

CHAPTER 1 Linear Equations5

SECTION 1.1 Introduction to algebra6

1.1.1 Negative numbers7

1.1.2 Expressions9

1.1.3 Brackets12

Key Terms17

Exercise 1.118

Exercise 1.120

SECTION 1.2 Further algebra21

1.2.1 Fractions21

1.2.2 Equations28

1.2.3 Inequalities32

Key Terms35

Exercise 1.235

Exercise 1.236

SECTION 1.3 Graphs of linear equations39

Key Terms49

Exercise 1.349

Exercise 1.350

SECTION 1.4 Algebraic solution of simultaneous linear equations51

Key Term61

Exercise 1.461

Exercise 1.462

SECTION 1.5 Supply and demand analysis63

Key Terms75

Exercise 1.575

Exercise 1.577

SECTION 1.6 Transposition of formulae79

Key Terms86

Exercise 1.686

Exercise 1.687

SECTION 1.7 National income determination89

Key Terms101

Exercise 1.7101

Exercise 1.7102

Formal mathematics104

key Terms106

CHAPTER 2 Non-linear Equations109

SECTION 2.1 Quadratic functions110

Key Terms124

Exercise 2.1125

Exercise 2.1125

SECTION 2.2 Revenue， cost and profit127

Key Terms135

Exercise 2.2135

Exercise 2.2137

SECTION 2.3 Indices and logarithms138

2.3.1 Index notation138

2.3.2 Rules of indices142

2.3.3 Logarithms148

2.3.4 Summary154

Key Terms155

Exercise 2.3156

Exercise 2.3157

SECTION 2.4 The exponential and natural logarithm functions159

Key Terms169

Exercise 2.4169

Exercise 2.4170

Formal mathematics172

key Terms174

CHAPTER 3 Mathematics of Finance177

SECTION 3.1 Percentages178

3.1.1 Index numbers184

3.1.2 Inflation187

Key Terms190

Exercise 3.1190

Exercise 3.1192

SECTION 3.2 Compound interest195

Key Terms205

Exercise 3.2206

Exercise 3.2207

SECTION 3.3 Geometric series209

Key Terms217

Exercise 3.3217

Exercise 3.3218

SECTION 3.4 Investment appraisal220

Key Terms232

Exercise 3.4233

Exercise 3.4233

Formal mathematics235

key Terms236

CHAPTER 4 Differentiation239

SECTION 4.1 The derivative of a function240

Key Terms249

Exercise 4.1249

Exercise 4.1250

SECTION 4.2 Rules of differentiation251

Rule 1 The constant rule251

Rule 2 The sum rule252

Rule 3 The difference rule253

Key Terms258

Exercise 4.2258

Exercise 4.2260

SECTION 4.3 Marginal functions261

4.3.1 Revenue and cost261

4.3.2 Production268

4.3.3 Consumption and savings271

Key Terms272

Exercise 4.3273

Exercise 4.3274

SECTION 4.4 Further rules of differentiation275

Rule 4 The chain rule276

Rule 5 The product rule278

Rule 6 The quotient rule281

Exercise 4.4283

Exercise 4.4284

SECTION 4.5 Elasticity285

Key Terms297

Exercise 4.5298

Exercise 4.5298

SECTION 4.6 Optimisation of economic functions300

Key Terms316

Exercise 4.6316

Exercise 4.6318

SECTION 4.7 Further optimisation of economic functions319

Exercise 4.7328

SECTION 4.8 The derivative of the exponential and natural logarithm functions330

Exercise 4.8339

Exercise 4.8340

Formal mathematics342

CHAPTER5 Partial Differentiation347

SECTION 5.1 Functions of several variables348

Key Terms359

Exercise 5.1360

Exercise 5.1361

SECTION 5.2 Partial elasticity and marginal functions362

5.2.1 Elasticity of demand362

5.2.2 Utility365

5.2.3 Production371

Key Terms373

Exercise 5.2374

Exercise 5.2375

SECTION 5.3 Comparative statics377

Key Terms386

Exercise 5.3387

SECTION 5.4 Unconstrained optimisation390

Key Terms401

Exercise 5.4401

Exercise 5.4402

SECTION 5.5 Constrained optimisation403

Key Terms412

Exercise 5.5413

Exercise 5.5414

SECTION 5.6 Lagrange multipliers415

Key Terms424

Exercise 5.6424

Exercise 5.6425

Formal mathematics427

CHAPTER 6 Integration431

SECTION 6.1 Indefinite integration432

Key Terms441

Exercise 6.1442

Exercise 6.1442

SECTION 6.2 Definite integration444

6.2.1 Consumer's surplus448

6.2.2 Producer's surplus449

6.2.3 Investment flow451

6.2.4 Discounting453

Key Terms454

Exercise 6.2454

Exercise 6.2455

Formal mathematics457

CHAPTER 7 Matrices461

SECTION 7.1 Basic matrix operations462

7.1.1 Transposition464

7.1.2 Addition and subtraction466

7.1.3 Scalar multiplication468

7.1.4 Matrix multiplication469

7.1.5 Summary477

Key Terms477

Exercise 7.1478

Exercise 7.1480

SECTION 7.2 Matrix inversion482

Key Terms497

Exercise 7.2497

Exercise 7.2498

SECTION 7.3 Cramer's rule500

Key Term508

Exercise 7.3508

Exercise 7.3509

Formal mathematics512

CHAPTER 8 Linear Programming515

SECTION 8.1 Graphical solution of linear programming problems516

Key Terms531

Exercise 8.1531

Exercise 8.1532

SECTION 8.2 Applications of linear programming534

Key Term544

Exercise 8.2544

Exercise 8.2545

Formal mathematics547

CHAPTER 9 Dynamics549

SECTION 9.1 Difference equations550

9.1.1 National income determination556

9.1.2 Supply and demand analysis558

Key Terms561

Exercise 9.1561

Exercise 9.1563

SECTION 9.2 Differential equations565

9.2.1 National income determination571

9.2.2 Supply and demand analysis573

Key Terms575

Exercise 9.2576

Exercise 9.2577

Formal mathematics579

Answers580

Chapter 1580

Chapter 2588

Chapter 3595

Chapter 4598

Chapter 5607

Chapter 6611

Chapter 7613

Chapter 8618

Chapter 9621

GLOSSARY624